Ok, ok, ok… I am stepping out of my comfort zone and I am going to try to do this without “bashing” anyone… but instead making an attempt to educate. I glanced at the PT site today, had not been there in awhile and saw the bashing that was going on toward a Director who emailed “her opinion” to PT. Her post was posted with what I would consider a good dose of “psychological abuse” or in the very least… bullying. Which still confuses me… as I would think she would be the same type of person that PT claims to love and want to bring to the “light of truth.” So I decided to look up some information on such abuse.
Now before you start posting, please remember, this IS a non-hatin’ place on the internet. I DO want us to ALL be aware of tactics and armed with the knowledge to make the best decisions for ourselves. So please… no TC bashin’, no PT bashin’ and no hatin’ in general. Opinions and thoughts are welcome with regard to the topic below and I offer this introduction as an explanation as to why I would post something that might otherwise seem random. I personally believe that we are above such tactics and I know that I for one do not want to be mistakenly placed into the category below. I hope that made sense. All that said… on with the reading & posting…
The Psychological Violence Towards Women Inventory
The Psychological Violence towards Women Inventory, developed by Richard Tolman (1989), is one of the first psychometric-type tests that has been developed for specifically measuring psychological violence by male batterers. Tolman developed items from his experience as well as numerous other inventories and conceptualizations of psychological violence (Straus, 1979; Hudson and McIntosh, 1981; Patrick-Hoffman, 1982). Fifty eight items were eventually selected for the study. The items clustered into six general categories:
- Attacking her personhood, demeaning, belittling, undermining self-worth
- Defining her reality, getting her to question her own perceptions and judgments
- Controlling her contact with outside world and support systems
- Demanding subservience, complying with rigid sex-role expectations within the family
- Withholding positive reinforcers within the relationship
- Threatening nonphysical punishment for noncompliance with requests; status and emotional regulation
After analyzing the fifty-eight-statement questionnaire using responses of both battered women and male batterers, Tolman found (more…)